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20. The end of the War
- Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia.
- Five days later on April 14, 1865, John Wilkes Booth (an actor by trade) shot President Lincoln in the back of the head
while Mr. And Mrs. Lincoln were watching Our American Cousin. Lincoln would die the next morning in the Peterson house across
the street.
- CS forces surrender in Alabama on May 4th.
- Jefferson Davis captures on May 10th in Georgia.
- On May 12-13, the Battle of Palmito Ranch, Texas, was the last Civil War land engagement.
- CS forces surrender in Louisiana.
- CS Indian forces surrender at Doaksville, Indian Territory on June 23rd.
- The execution of Colonel Henry Wirtz. He was hung in the yard of the Old Capital Prison on November 10, 1865.
21. Specific Soldiers of the Civil War
- Northern Soldiers
A. Johnny Clem
*** Probably the most famous boy who served during the Civil War.
*** Born n Neward, Ohio in 1851.
*** Ran away from home at the age of nine and attempted to enlist in the Third Ohio Volunteers, but was rejected because
of his youth. He then unofficially attached himself to the Twenty-Second Michigan Infantry which was a colored unit in the
Union Army.
*** At the battle of Shiloh, he served as a drummer boy when his drum was destroyed by a piece of shrapnel. He then picked
p a rifle and became a rifleman.
*** He became an official soldier in 1863.
*** Gained notoriety after killing a Confederate Colonel.
*** Captured in Georgia but later released in a prisoner exchange.
*** Bcame an officer and retired in 1915 at the rank of Major General.
*** Was wounded twice during the Civil War.
*** Died at the age of 85 on May 13, 1937 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.
B. Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain
*** Born September 8, 1828 in Brewer, Maine.
*** Went to Bowdoin College in 1848.
*** In 1852, he went to Banger Theological Seminary.
*** Wounded six times and had six horses shot out from under him.
*** Known for his charge on Little Round top.
*** Also known for the surrender of Lee’s Amry of Northern Virginia at Apomattox, when Grant chose him to receive
the formal surrender of weapons and colors.
*** Brevet Major General Chamberlain returned briefly to his academic duties at Bowdoin, but was soon elected as a popular
war hero to four terms as governor of the state of Maine.
*** After becoming President of Bowdoin, he graduated the polar explorer Admiral Robert Peary, class of 1877.
*** In 1883, ill health led to his resignation as Bowdoin’s president.
*** In 1893, Congress awarded him the Medal of Honor.
*** Died on February 24, 1914 at the age of 85.
*** Last Civil War soldier to die of his wounds incurred in the Civil War.
- Southern Soldiers
A. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
*** Born January 21, 1824 in Clarksburg, Virginia.
*** Next to Robert E. Lee himself, Thomas J. Jackson is the most revered of all Confederate Commanders.
*** Graduated West Point in 1846.
*** In the fight at 1st Bull Run, him and his soldiers were so distinguished that both the brigade and its commander were
dubbed “Stonewall” by General Barnard Bee. The 1st Brigade was the only CS brigade to have its nickname
become its official designation.
*** At Chancellorsville, he was wounded by his own men.
*** He die dof Pneumonia on May 10, 1863, eight days after the amputation of his arm.
*** He is buried in Lexington, Virgnia.
B. Mosby and his raiders
*** John Singleton Mosby was born in Edemont, Virginia on December 6, 1833.
*** Entered the University of Virgnia in 1849.
*** While in college, he shot another student and was sent to prison for one year and after his release became a lawyer
in Bristol.
*** In January of 1863, Mosby and a team of nine men began raiding isolated US Army posts in Virginia and Maryland.
*** In March of 1863, Mosby slipped in behind US lines and captures US General Edwin H. Stoughton from his bed. Mosby
also captured 2 captain, 30 privates, and 58 horses.
*** On June 10, 1863, Mosby formed Company A of the 43rd Battalion which would later become known as “Mosby’s
raiders”.
*** Mosby’s military successes earned him promotions to captain, major, and finally colonel in December of
1864.
*** When news of the CS surrender reached him, he dibanded his rangers and resume work as a lawyer eventually upsetting
many of his former supporters by joining the republican party and backing Ulyses S. Grant for President in 1868.
*** He would die on May, 1916.
*** He is buried in Warrenton, Virgnia.
C. Lee’s Sons
*** George Washington Custis Lee
~~~~~ Born in 1832
~~~~~ Graduated at the top of his class from the US Military Academy in 1854.
~~~~~ He was a fine horseman, studious, and painfully shy around women. He never married. He was tall, handsome with
dark hair, generous and devoted to family.
~~~~~ During the Civil War he was a Brigadier General [CSA]
~~~~~ He volunteered to take his younger brother Rooney’s place as a prisoner of war so that Rooney could come
home to be with his dying wife in 1863.
~~~~~ Became a professor military science and engineering at VMI.
~~~~~ He sold Arlington to the US Government for $150,000.
~~~~~ He died in Revansworth, Virginia in 1913.
*** William Fitzhugh “Rooney” Lee
~~~~~ Born in 1837.
~~~~~ He was adventurous, popular, and athletic.
~~~~~ He entered Harvard in 1854.
~~~~~ Fought in the campaign against the Mormons in 1858.
~~~~~ In 1859, he left the army and married Charlotte Wickham.
~~~~~ In 1861, Rooney joined the CS Army as a cavalry officer under J.E.B. Stuart, and was captured in June of 1863.
~~~~~ He spent eight months in Fort Lafayette, New York.
~~~~~ During the war, he lost his young wife and both of their children.
~~~~~ In 1867, he married Mary Tabb Bolling and they eventually had several kids.
~~~~~ He died in 1891.
*** Robert Edward Lee Jr.
~~~~~ Born in 1843.
~~~~~ Entered the University of Virginia in 1860.
~~~~~ Enlisted in the artillery in 1862.
~~~~~ He started his on business after the war and married Charlotte Haxel in 1871, then Juliet Carter in 1894.
~~~~~ He died in 1916.
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